Internal combustion engine



May 10, 1932- c. A. WOOD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed NOY. 4, 1929 INVENTOR MAS ATToRNzr.

Patented May 10, 1932 PATENT oFFics CHESTER A. wool),- or ooL UM IanLINoIs INTERNAL COMBUSTION nema,

Application filed. November 4,1929. Serial no. 404,741. g 1

This invention relates to certain novel improvements in internal combustion engines and more particularly to an arrangement for forcing fuel into the cylinder of a two cycle internal combustion engine and has for its cating movement of the piston may be utilized 2 to bring about the compressing of the fuel.

'Another object of the invention is to pro vide an apparatus for bringing about the compressing of the fuel or, as it is called, a supercharger which will embody a member 125 that may be arranged to fit interiorly of the piston in order that a pumping action may be brought about.

A further object of the invention,ancillary to the foregoing, is to provide an apparatus 1 which will embody no additional moving parts. Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed. v

The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, showing the preferred form of construction and in which:

der of a typical two cycle internal combustion engine with which myinvention has been associated, showing'the piston at its uppermost or firing position; a

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the piston in its lowermost position, which depicts the piston positioned at the completion of the power stroke;

Fig. 3 isa sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 on Fig. 2; and T Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a cylin-,

Fig. 4 is a, detail view of a valve mechanism employed in the device. ,7

In the accompanying drawings wherein I have illustrated a preferred form of construction for my invention, 10generically indicates the cylinder of a two cycle internal combustion engine. A piston 11 is intended to bereciprocal" in thecylinder 10 and-has the usual connecting r0d'12 associated therewith through the medium of the'usual wrist pin 13, which in the present instance isassociated with the piston llat the lower end thereof. The "piston 11 has the usual piston ring grooves suchas 1a in the'periphery thereof in which the piston rings may be mounted and if desired the piston rings maybe pinned in'po'sition to prevent undue movement thereof the grooves 14. While the foregoing is the typeof construction I depict it is to be understood that certain changes might be made without departingfrom the purview of my invention.

Extending into the cylinder 10 are'conduits 15, which conduits 15 have retaining nut-s provided thereon spaced from inwardly disposed ends thereof and these retaining nuts areindic'ated by 16 and provide shoulders. Plates 17 are arranged over the nuts 16 and ride on the. inner surface 18 of the skirt of the piston 11. Spacing plates 19 of smaller diameter than the plates 17 are arranged between the plates 17, this plate disposition being alternate, that is one plate 17 is arranged on the nut 16 and then a plate 19 is arranged thereover. Another vplate 17 is disposed over this last plate 19 and thenanother plate 19 is disposed over the last plate 17 This arrangement is carried out until any desired number: of plates 17 have been mounted in this manner. Nuts 20 are arranged to retain the plates 17 and 19 in position. i' '5 Since the plates 17 bear against the surface 18 it is manifest that the area interiorly of thepiston will be closed thereby and it is also manifest that the conduits 15 will open into this area. "Therefore, by arranging the valve mechanisms generically indicated by 21 in the conduits 15 I provide a pump structure. The valve mechanisms generically infest that the head thereofwill movetoward and away from the uppermost of the plates 17 and, therefore, the magnitude of the area 25 will be varied. Assumin the parts to be in the position depicted in ig.'2', the piston" 11 is caused to move upwardly. As the head of the piston moves away from the plates 17 V a vacuum will be created. The creation of a vacuum in this area will permit the pressure of the incoming fuel to act against the valve seat 22 to unseat the same. The pressure which will act on th-e'fuel in this, manner need be nothing other than atmospheric pres sure. It is manifest that the unseating of the valve members 23 will permit fuel to pass through the conduits 15 into the area 25 and this will continue until the piston 25 reaches its uppermost position. Upon attaining this uppermost position it is manifest that the piston will start downwardly and will, therefore, compress the fuel which has been drawn into the area 25. 7 It is manifest that the pressure of compression and the springs 24 will cause seating of the valve members 28 at this time. As th-episton llcontinues to move downwardly the fuel in the area 25 will be compressed and this compressed fuel is admitted in a manner now to .be set forth to the explosionchamber of the cylinder 10 at a predetermined time. n Y

The explosion chamber of the cylinder 10 is indicated by 26. When the piston 11 is in the position illustrated in Fig. 1. fuel wh ch has been admitted to the explosion chamber 25 will have been compressedthereinby u:p ward movement of the 11 and as -soon as the dead center position is passed the igniting means, such as the spark plug 27 will be actuated to explode the coinpressed fuel mixture and the force of theexplosion will drive the piston 11 downwardly. At a point adjacent the lowermost position of the upperend of the piston 11in one wall of the cylinder 10 I provide an opening or exhaust port 28 and as soon as the piston has moved into the position depictedin Fig. 2 communication between these exhaust ports 28 and the explosion chamber 26 will have been established and by reason of the pressure resulting from the explosion some of theburned gases will pass out through the exhaust port 28 and thus substantially reduce the pressure in the explosion chamber 26. At a desired point in the skirt of the piston, as for exam.' ple the inner surface of one of the piston ring grooves 14, a port 29 is provided which communicates with the area in chamber 25 and it is through this port that the compressed fuel in the chamber 25 passes when it is to be introduced into the explosion chamber 26. At a point substantially aligned with but preferably diametrically opposed to the out through the port 29 and through the port into the chamber 31. The port 32 will be in connnunication with the explosion chamber 26 at this time and, therefore, the fuel under pressure-passing intothe chamber 31' will pass throughthe port 32 into the chamber 26. An upwardly extending boss 34 is provided on the upper wall of the piston 11 in a position so that it will be aligned with the port 32. Therefore, the fuel passing through the port 32 will impinge on this boss 34 and will, therefore, be deflected upwardly. This fuel under pressure which is deflected upwardly will tend to displace the remaining previously burned gases and force these burned gas-es out through the exhaust port 2 8 to scavenge the explosion chamber 26. The boss 34 materially aids in properly scavenging the explosion chamber 26 since it deflects the incoming gases upwardly and thus brings about scavenging of the upper portion of the chamber 26. p

7 It is manifestfromthe foregoing description that I have provided an expeditious arrangement for s'upercharging the explosion chamber of atwo cycle internal combustion engine. Itis apparent that this device is so arranged that it may be constructed in a manner which will require no additional moving parts and it is apparent that this arrangement will function to very effectively charge and scavenge the explosion chamber.

\Vhile I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying myinvention into eflect, this is capable ofvariation and modification, without departing from the spirit of the invention. I, therefore, do not wish tobe limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims. 7 Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a cyl inder having an explosion chamber, a piston reciprocal in=said cylinder, conduits extending through said cylinder from the lower end thereof, plates mounted on said conduits at the inner end thereof interiorly of said piston, said plates co-operating with the head of said piston to enclose an area, said area varying in volume as said piston is reciprocated, said piston having a port therein communication with said area, a boss on the wall of said cylinder providing a chamber, said cylinder having ports therein in communication with said last named chamber whereby when said piston is in its lowermost position communication will be established between one of said last named ports and the port in the piston, the other of said ports being in communication with said last named chamber and said explosion chamber.

' 2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber, a piston reciprocal in said cylinder, conduits extending through said cylinder from the lower end thereof, the inner ends of said conduits being threaded, plates mounted on said conduits at the inner ends thereof, spacing plates between said first named plates and of less diameter than said first named plates, nuts on the threaded portions of said conduits above and below the uppermost and lowermost of the first named plates, said plates co-operating with the head of said piston to enclose an area, said area varying in volume as said piston is reciprocated, said piston having a port therein communicating with said area, a boss on the wall of said cylinder providing a chamber, said cylinder having ports therein in communicating with said last named chamber whereby when said piston is in its lowermost position communication will be established between one of said last named ports and the port in the piston, the other of said ports being in communication with said lastnamed chamber and said ex losion chamber.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber, a piston reciprocal in said cylinder, conduits extending through said cylinder from the lower end thereof, plates mounted on said conduits at the inner end thereof interiorly of said piston, said plates co-operating with the head of said piston to enclose an area, said area varying in volume as said piston is reciprocated, said piston having a port therein communicating with said area, a boss on the wall of said cylinder providing a chamber, said cylinder having ports therein in communication with said last named chamber whereby when said piston is in its lowermost position communication will be established between one of said last named ports and the port in the piston, the other of said ports being in communication with said last named chamber and said explosion chamber, and valve means in said conduits for opening passage therethrough by atmospheric pressure 

